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Learn / 101C · Dev & Supply / 04

101C.4 / CHAPTER 4 OF 13

Creator powers: mint, freeze, fees & transfers

What can change after you buy?

Supply and powers are separate checks

Existing inventory can be sold; a retained minting power can create more inventory. Transfer controls can affect whether ordinary owners move or sell. A low dev balance does not neutralize those powers.

For a standard Solana token, inspect mint and freeze authorities. For other programs or chains, inspect the exact contract and relevant extensions, roles, upgrade paths, and proxy administration. Names and available controls differ; a scanner summary is a starting point.

PowerPossible consequenceHow to check
Mint more unitsDilution and additional sellable inventoryCurrent mint authority, program rules, enforceable cap, recent issuance
Freeze accountsAffected token accounts cannot perform permitted movements until allowedFreeze authority and current account status where applicable
Blacklist or restrict transfersOrdinary users may be blocked or face special conditionsSupported contract/program rules, controller, exemptions, current restrictions
Change transfer feesNet receipts or selling costs can changeCurrent fee settings, caps, change authority, and activation rules
Upgrade logic or change rolesPreviously checked behavior may changeUpgrade/proxy administrator, governance and delay conditions

How many more can they mint?

The current supply is not necessarily the maximum. If a retained authority can mint and no enforceable cap is known, your evidence does not establish a fixed ceiling. If authority is permanently revoked under a standard immutable mechanism, that mint path is disabled. Check other relevant powers and the actual program rather than treating one null field as universal safety.

Decimals set the interpretation of base units; they are not permission to create tokens. A “max supply” number in marketing is weaker than an enforced constraint.

How to investigate it

Open current mint/contract details and inspect each relevant authority. Check issuance and authority-change transactions. Where applicable, read verified code and admin rights through a supported inspector. Review ordinary-wallet successful sales and failed transaction reasons under the current settings. A route quote or simulation is preliminary evidence, not a guarantee of the next fill.

Practical case — illustrative

A token has small attributed dev holdings but a retained mint authority with no verified cap. Concentration looks low now, yet future issuance remains possible. Another token has minting revoked but still has a relevant freeze power; its current supply check does not clear transfer risk.

What does the result mean?

Record each control as verified, active, revoked, or unresolved, with time and source. Recheck after changes. Locking inventory or seeing successful trades does not resolve separate admin powers. No authority concerns does not establish market demand or adequate liquidity.

Check your understanding — answered

Supply fixed because the website says so? Not established. Minting revoked: no remaining risks? No. One exempt address sold: ordinary sellability proven? No; check applicable rules and actual ordinary transactions.

Mechanism references

Solana: set or revoke authority ↗

Solana: freeze accounts ↗

Illustrations teach mechanisms; they are not live token assessments. Inspect can orient sampled trades; wallet attribution and control checks may require external evidence.